THE ROLE OF THE VULVAR MICROBIOME IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF VULVAR CANCER

Vulvar cancer is a relatively rare gynecological malignancy; however, its incidence has shown a gradual increase, particularly among postmenopausal women. Recent advances in microbiome research have highlighted the crucial role of local microbial communities in maintaining epithelial integrity, immune regulation, and carcinogenesis. The vulvar microbiome, which consists of diverse bacterial, fungal, and viral species, plays an essential role in preserving mucosal homeostasis. Disruption of this microbial balance, known as dysbiosis, may contribute to chronic inflammation, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and altered immune responses, thereby creating a microenvironment favorable for malignant transformation.