Geometric and Spectral Phase Ambiguities in Multi-Modal Detection Systems: A Systems-Level Analysis Using Relative Phase Resolution

Modern detection architectures rely on the fusion of multiple sensing modalities, including radio-frequency (RF), electro-optical (EO), infrared (IR), lidar, magnetic anomaly sensing, and temporal correlation. As these systems increase in complexity, their performance becomes increasingly dependent on the coherence of phase relationships across sensing domains. This paper examines how geometry, material spectral response, and wavelength-dependent phase behavior influence detection coherence and classification stability. A systems-level framework, Relative Phase Resolution (RPR), is presented to analyze and resolve phase misalignment through center-referenced relational alignment. The analysis supports improved robustness, safety, and resolution in advanced detection environments. Drones, UAP, aircraft