Resolution of the Hubble Constant (frequency) Tension in Thermodynamic Relativistic Gravity - Classical General Relativity (TRG-CGR) Framework

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Authors: Emmanuel Duawo
Cited by: 0

Abstract

The persistent discrepancy between early- and late-Universe measurements of the Hubble constant remains one of the most significant tensions in modern cosmology. In this work, we presenta thermodynamically grounded resolution within the Thermodynamic Relativistic Gravity - Classical General Relativity (TRG-CGR) Framework. We show that the entropy density of sphericalcosmic volume scales inversely with the comoving radius, naturally introducing a scale-dependentcontribution to cosmic expansion.This effect modifies the observed Hubble parameter as H_{obs} = H_{early} + (K/R),where H_{early} is fixed by early-Universe observations, R is the comoving distance of expansion andK is determined directly from local measurements, leaving no free parameters. This formulationreproduces both the locally measured high Hubble constant and the lower value inferred from thecosmic microwave background, providing a continuous and monotonic interpolation between scales.Our approach requires no evolving dark energy, additional relativistic species, or modificationsto standard cosmological Physics. It further offers a unifying interpretation in which dark matterand dark energy are emergent manifestations of cosmic entropy density. The resulting frameworkprovides a minimal, predictive, and physically motivated explanation for the Hubble tension andsuggests testable intermediate-scale cosmological signatures.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Cosmology and Gravitation Theories Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories Black Holes and Theoretical Physics

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
6 January 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint