Black Spheres in Information–Pressure Theory: Sealed Horizons, Edge Thermodynamics, and Exterior Universality

Description: This paper develops the Information–Pressure Theory (IPT) description of black holes, termed "black spheres" to emphasize their boundary-first characterization. A black sphere is a causal surface whose boundary record saturates the entropy–area capacity S_max = (k_B/4Λ²)A and enforces causal sealing via the Sealed Horizon Boundary Condition (SHBC). The central result is that stationary black spheres do not spontaneously emit gauge-charged radiation. The standard Hawking derivation does not apply because it assumes trans-horizon field modes and a horizon-regular vacuum state—both of which IPT replaces with a physical boundary condition. Gravitational radiation remains allowed as BELA-mandated edge-record reconciliation: during mergers, the gluing of distinct ledgers requires wiping redundant capacity, and this difference information flows out via gravitational waves. The information paradox is reframed as a question of accessibility rather than unitarity: infalling information is absorbed into the boundary ledger, rendering it operationally inaccessible to exterior observers, but no duplication or loss occurs because there is no independent interior register. Exterior observables—gravitational lensing, accretion coupling, quasinormal mode ringdown, and gravitational waves—depend only on the edge record class (M, J, Q) via the Boundary-Equivalence Lightcone Axiom (BELA), ensuring phenomenological equivalence with general-relativistic predictions. v2.0 revision: Removes Hawking emission mechanism; adds Sealed-Horizon Non-Emission Proposition and BELA-mandated GW reconciliation; reframes information paradox as accessibility rather than unitarity during evaporation. Keywords: black holes, information paradox, Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, horizon thermodynamics, holographic principle, boundary-first physics, Information-Pressure Theory, IPT, sealed horizon, BELA, gravitational waves, quasinormal modes, non-emission, edge thermodynamics