Modern Consumerism in a Globalized India and Role of Consumer Redressal Mechanisms

Modern consumer behaviour in India has changed rapidly with globalization, digital markets, and easy access to global products. Consumers today rely heavily on online platforms, advertisements, and digital payment systems, which offer convenience but also expose them to new risks such as defective goods, misleading promotions, and misuse of personal data. These changes demand a responsive and updated consumer protection framework. This study examines how India’s consumer laws, especially the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, have adapted to these challenges. It analyses the functioning of consumer redressal mechanisms, including commissions, mediation cells, and emerging digital platforms like e-Daakhil and Online Dispute Resolution. The study also highlights existing gaps and practical difficulties faced by consumers. It concludes that while India has made significant progress, stronger enforcement, better awareness, and technological improvements are essential for ensuring meaningful consumer protection in a globalized economy.