Bioactive Peptide Activity of Indonesia Native Duck Feet Collagen Hydrolisate and its Potential as an Antioxidant Agent

Collagen is the main structural protein found in animal bodies. Collagen can be extracted from various sources, including animal skin and bones. One potential raw material as a source of collagen is local duck feet. This study aims to determine the activity of bioactive peptides produced from the best collagen extraction results using bromelain enzyme followed by hydrolysis using Bacillus subtilis enzyme. The samples used were local duck feet with a harvest age of 1 to 2 years. This study consisted of two main stages, namely the extraction and isolation of collagen with soaking times of 12, 18, and 24 hours and different bromelain enzyme concentrations of 0%; 0.3%; 0.6%; 0.9%. The variables observed included: crude yield, protein concentration, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) functional group analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis, and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) molecular weight analysis. The best results of phase I research were obtained from collagen extraction over a period of 24 hours with a Bromelin enzyme concentration of 0.9%, followed by hydrolysis using a 5% protease enzyme from Bacillus subtilis with an incubation time of 120 minutes. The characteristics of the collagen hydrolysate were tested using the ninhydrin test, followed by a % DH calculation. The antioxidant activity of collagen hydrolysate was tested using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. The results showed that collagen hydrolysate derived from local duck feet had bioactive peptide activity and potential as a strong antioxidant agent with an IC50 value of 98.07 μg/mL.