CERVICAL EROSION THROUGH THE LENS OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE AND AYURVEDIC PRINCIPLES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Cervical erosion, clinically referred to as cervical ectropion, is a prevalent gynaecological condition characterized by the eversion of columnar epithelium from the endocervical canal onto the ectocervical surface, replacing the native stratified squamous epithelium. Although frequently asymptomatic, it may manifest with persistent vaginal discharge, post-coital bleeding, pelvic discomfort, or increased susceptibility to infections. In contemporary medicine, cervical erosion is understood as a benign or reactive phenomenon, typically resulting from hormonal fluctuations, chronic inflammation, or mechanical trauma, particularly during reproductive years. Conversely, Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of holistic medicine, interprets this condition through the conceptual framework of Garbhashaya Grivamukha Vrana, which are indicative of doshic imbalance—primarily involving Pitta and Kapha—and pathological disruption in dhatu (tissues) and srotas (channels). The manifestation is seen as a localized expression of systemic derangement, often associated with improper lifestyle (vihara), unwholesome diet (ahara), and suppressed natural urges (vegadharana). This article presents a comprehensive comparative review of the pathophysiological perspectives of cervical erosion in both modern biomedical science and classical Ayurvedic literature. By juxtaposing the cellular, immunological, and endocrine understanding of modern gynaecology with the dosha-dhatu-srotas theory of Ayurveda, this analysis aims to deepen clinical insight and encourage integrative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Such a perspective not only fosters cross-disciplinary understanding but also supports individualized, patient-centric care rooted in both evidence-based medicine and traditional healing systems.