The Accessibility Law: A Structural Theory of Interaction Strength

The Standard Model of particle physics provides an extraordinarily successful dynamical account of interaction phenomena, yet it treats interaction strength as an empirical input rather than a derived structural quantity. Coupling constants, decay rates, and selection rules are computed with precision, but the origin of the vast hierarchy of observed interaction strengths remains external to the theory’s conceptual core. This work introduces a universal action framework in which interaction phenomena are understood as manifestations of state accessibility. Interaction strength is redefined operationally as a dimensionless logarithmic suppression measure constructed directly from observed transition rates and energies, independent of microscopic amplitudes, coupling constants, or force labels. Using this observable, we propose a phenomenological law in which suppression is governed by the ratio of structural complexity to available energy drive. The framework is explicitly diagnostic rather than prescriptive. Extensions across physical domains are treated as empirical tests, and failures of naive universality are interpreted as evidence of additional structural organization rather than as opportunities for parameter adjustment. Application of this principle reveals empirically distinct accessibility regimes corresponding to atomic electromagnetic, nuclear electromagnetic, and weak interaction processes, while preserving a single structural suppression law. This framework does not replace existing dynamical theories and does not compute microscopic amplitudes. Instead, it introduces a missing unification layer: a structural law that explains why correct dynamical theories nevertheless produce the observed hierarchy of interaction strengths when expressed as transition accessibility. In this precise sense, the result constitutes a structural unification statement at the organizational level rather than at the level of gauge dynamics. Correspondence note:Readers who independently test the framework and obtain clear success or failure relative to the stated falsification criteria may contact the author at: cmb.sign.test@gmail.com Other correspondence is not solicited.