A Constraint-Based Classification of Non-Equilibrium Transport Systems Governed by External Field Coupling

This work presents a constraint-based physical classification of non-equilibrium transport systems whose dynamics are dominated by external fields rather than internal inertia. The framework identifies a specific class of systems in which sustained directional transport emerges from non-reciprocal coupling to an external vector field, energy-scale separation between a condensed-phase core and its environment, and momentum exchange that suppresses second-order inertial dynamics. Under these constraints, disparate systems converge onto dynamically isomorphic behavior, exhibiting extrinsic wake formation, symmetry breaking, and low-dimensional transport manifolds. The theory does not propose new forces or mechanisms, but instead establishes a taxonomy that explains why certain transport morphologies and trajectories are unavoidable physical outcomes of the governing boundary conditions in far-from-equilibrium environments.