The New Hemispheric Architecture: Venezuela as a Laboratory of Reactionary Transition in Latin America

This paper analyzes the reconfiguration of the hemispheric architecture through the Venezuelan case, understood as a laboratory of reactionary transition in Latin America. Within the framework of the deterioration of the liberal international order and the strategic repositioning of the United States in response to China's rise, the intervention in Venezuela is presented as an offensive stabilization operation aimed at regime change and the recomposition of regional control. The article argues that the Venezuelan economy, formally capitalist, has evolved into a post-capitalist landscape characterized by the political distribution of scarcity, management of poverty, and the collapse of the national bourgeoisie. Based on a comparison with Argentina and other regional cases, it is argued that these experiences created structural conditions for the emergence of reactionary political projects. Finally, the limits of the Venezuelan transition, the issue of social legitimacy, and the possible emergence of new political actors in a context of state fragmentation and extended geopolitical conflict are explored.