Stellar Mass Estimation of Kepler Exoplanet Host Stars Using Kepler's Third Law with Monte Carlo Uncertainty Analysis

Host star masses for four confirmed exoplanets discovered by the Kepler mission (Kepler-10b, Kepler-186f, Kepler-62f, Kepler-452b) were calculated using orbital period T and semi-major axis a from the NASA Exoplanet Archive.The Newtonian form of Kepler’s third law was applied:M = 4π2a3GT 2where G = 6.67430 × 10−11 m3kg−1s−2.A Monte Carlo simulation (1000 samples) with ±1% assumed measurement uncertaintyin both T and a yielded approximately 3.6% propagated uncertainty in the stellar mass,consistent with analytical error propagation from the a3/T 2 dependence.The host star of Kepler-452b was found to have a mass of 1.03 M⊙, very close to thesolar value.