Incorporating Herbal Nano formulation as Topical Formulation for the Treatment of Skin Infection Like Psoriasis: A Review

Abstract Skin infections such as psoriasis present persistent therapeutic challenges due to their chronic inflammatory nature, impaired epidermal barrier function, and limited penetration of conventional topical agents. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the development of herbal nanoformulations that enhance the delivery, stability, and therapeutic performance of plant-derived bioactives. This study explores the potential of incorporating herbal nanoformulations into topical preparations for effective management of psoriasis and related skin infections. Herbal compounds rich in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties-often suffer from poor solubility, low skin permeability, and rapid degradation when applied directly. Nano-encapsulation using systems such as liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles offers improved skin retention, controlled drug release, and targeted delivery to inflamed tissues. These nanosystems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects and irritation. Incorporating herbal nanoformulations into topical creams, gels, or ointments provides a promising strategy for addressing the multifactorial pathology of psoriasis, including keratinocyte hyperproliferation, cytokine overexpression, and oxidative stress. Preliminary findings indicate significant improvements in lesion reduction, erythema control, and patient comfort compared with conventional formulations. Overall, herbal nano-based topical delivery represents a safe, biocompatible, and highly effective approach for treating psoriasis, offering the potential to transform current dermatological therapies and improve patient outcomes. Keywords: Psoriasis, Nanoparticles, Liposomes, Ethosomes, Nanospheres. Nanoformulations.