Deriving the Origin of Physical Constants and Laws Using Zhang Xiangqian's Unified Field Theory: Electromagnetism (Part I)

This paper presents a comprehensive geometric derivation of fundamental physical constants and laws within the framework of Zhang Xiangqian’s Unified Field Theory (UFT), which is based on the core paradigm that physics is geometry. The work focuses on electromagnetism (Part I) and develops a complete theoretical structure starting from the cylindrical helical motion of spacetime at the speed of light. Using a small set of core postulates, the paper derives the geometric origins of key physical quantities—including mass, charge, energy, and momentum—and demonstrates that both massive particles and photons share a common geometric foundation. In particular, it provides unified derivations of energy–momentum relations for particles and photons, clarifying the geometric meaning of photon “zero rest mass” as a limiting manifestation of intrinsic geometric mass. The work systematically derives the vacuum permittivity ε₀ and permeability μ₀ through two independent and mutually consistent approaches: a dynamical spacetime response method and a symmetry-based geometric analysis. It further derives the reduced Planck constant ℏ as the fundamental quantum of action from spacetime stability conditions, identifies a geometric origin of the fine-structure constant, and presents unified geometric interpretations of Coulomb’s law, the Dirac equation, magnetic moments, and the electron magnetic moment anomaly. Maxwell’s equations and the Lorentz transformation are independently derived from geometric covariance, spacetime response, and kinematic constraints, demonstrating that classical electrodynamics and special relativity emerge naturally from the underlying spacetime geometry. All derivations are supported by rigorous dimensional analysis and numerical consistency checks, achieving agreement with CODATA values at high precision. Overall, this work establishes a coherent and self-consistent geometric foundation for electromagnetic laws and constants, representing a significant step toward a fully unified geometric description of physical interactions within Zhang Xiangqian’s Unified Field Theory framework. Note: The sole author of this paper is Huang Binggang. The Zenodo submitter served only as editor and submitter and is not the author. Editorial involvement was limited to organization, formatting, and language clarity; all theoretical content and conclusions remain the responsibility of the author.