Neohelicomyces Z. L. Luo, Bhat & K. D. Hyde

Neohelicomyces Z. L. Luo, Bhat & K. D. Hyde, Cryptog. Mycol. 38 (1): 39 (2017) Notes. Neohelicomyces was proposed by Luo et al. (2017) with N. aquaticus designated as the type species. To date, 30 species have been recorded in Index Fungorum (2025). All known taxa represent asexual morphs (Ma et al. 2024 a, b), except for N. sexualis, which was characterised and linked to its sexual morph, based on both morphological and molecular evidence (Sun et al. 2025). The asexual morphs of Neohelicomyces species are characterised by macronematous, mononematous, erect, septate conidiophores with holoblastic conidiogenous cells and loosely or tightly coiled helicoid conidia (Hsieh et al. 2021; Lu et al. 2022; Yang et al. 2023; Ma et al. 2024 a, b). In contrast, the sexual morph produces scattered, superficial, solitary, subglobose, light brown ascomata on natural substrates, lacking setae. Ascospores are multiseriate, narrowly cylindrical, straight to slightly curved, hyaline to pale brown, septate and rough (Sun et al. 2025). Species of Neohelicomyces are saprobic, typically inhabiting freshwater or terrestrial environments on decaying wood in Asia, Europe and North America, including records from China, Germany and Thailand (Ma et al. 2024 a; Sun et al. 2025). Only a few host plants have been documented for this genus (Ma et al. 2024 a).