OPTIMIZATION OF THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES IN POST-COVID RHEUMATIC DISEASES: INTEGRATING BIOMARKERS, ENDOTHELIAL PROTECTION, AND PRECISION MONITORING

The management of rheumatic diseases has become increasingly complex in the post-COVID-19 era, as traditional therapeutic strategies often fail to fully address persistent immune activation, endothelial dysfunction, and accelerated tissue remodeling. COVID-19 infection induces long-lasting alterations in cytokine profiles, vascular integrity, and metabolic balance, which significantly influence disease activity and treatment response in ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, osteoarthritis, allergic vasculitis, systemic sclerosis, and patients with concomitant chronic ischemic heart disease.