A World Uncontained: Excluding Background Space and Time from the Ontological Basis

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Authors: Michael Bergmann
Cited by: 0

Abstract

This paper examines the ontological status of background space and time in physical theory.Focusing on measurement as relational access, it argues that background structures are neitherobservable nor operationally required for physical prediction. The apparent need for continuousdeterminacy is traced to methodological idealizations, in particular the derivative hierarchy thatunderwrites standard continuum formulations.Introducing Weltall as the world conceived as a closed totality of mutual determination, thepaper rejects determination imposed by background embedding and replaces it with identity asresolved through real reciprocal admissibility. Determinacy is required only where relationalcommitments must be settled to preserve global relational coherence, allowing closure to admitdeterminate configurations without continuous enforcement. Continuum theories remaineffective as representational tools, but their background structures do not qualify as ontologicalprimitives.This paper is a constraint-setting ontological analysis: it does not propose a new theory, butestablishes what no admissible physical ontology may assume.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Philosophy and Theoretical Science Philosophy and History of Science Embodied and Extended Cognition

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
8 January 2026
Document type
Preprint