Netelia (Paropheltes) fulginosa Konishi 1996

Netelia (Paropheltes) fulginosa Konishi, 1996 Figs 6 A, 7, 8, 17 A – D Netelia (Paropheltes) fulginosa Konishi, 1996 a: 173. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species of subgenus Paropheltes in having the combination of the following characters: occipital carina completely absent in most specimens (Konishi 1996 a), or with only a vestige dorsally in some specimens; propodeum with sublateral crest strong; gonostyle with submarginal spine dorso-apically; pad narrow and projected dorso-basally, with weak papillate area on apex of the pad; vertex, ocellar area, mesoscutum, scutellum, and dorsal surface of propodeum brown. This species may be confused with species belonging to the subgenus Longiterebates due to the complete absence of the occipital carina in some specimens, as noted by Konishi (1996 a). However, Konishi (1996 a) restricted the true Longiterebates to India and described this species in subgenus Paropheltes. This species is most similar to N. (Longiterebates) grandis Kaur & Jonathan, 1979 in having strong propodeal sublateral crest, similar shape of gonostyle, and dorso-basally projected pad, but differs in N. (Paro.) fulginosa having weak papillate area on apex of the pad (lacking papillate area in N. (Longiterebates) grandis) (Konishi, 1996 a). Type material. Holotype. Japan • 1 ♂; Tokyo, Hinohara-mura, Yazawa; 14.VII.1988; light trap (“ at light ”); H. Nagaoka leg.; Voucher: NARO (Fig. 8). Non-type material. Taiwan – Hualien County • 1 ♂; Xiulin Township, Cien – Bilu giant tree; 27.V.2020; light trap; C. - L. Huang, L. - H. Wang leg.; GenBank: PV 910508 (COI); Sample ID: CHP 00719; Voucher: NMNS ENT 8951 -10. 1 ♂; Xiulin Township, Taroko National Park, Kuan-Yun Hostel; 30.V.2020; light trap; K. - Y. Chen leg.; GenBank: PV 910509 (COI); Sample ID: CHP 01066; Voucher: NMNS ENT 8951 -17. – Nantou County • 1 ♂; Ren’ai Township (Jenai), Nanshanchi; 17–19.V.1999; UV light trap; W. T. Yang leg.; Voucher: NMNS ENT 3221 -1153. 1 ♂; Ren’ai Township, Tayuling, 820 forest road (‘ 820 Fogeste’); 2.IX.2008; UV light trap; H. H. Lin leg.; Voucher: NMNS ENT 6070 -581. 1 ♂; Ren’ai Township, Meifeng; 11.IX.2002; Mercury light; C. S. Lin, W. T. Yang leg.; Voucher: NMNS ENT 3940 -50. 1 ♂; Ren’ai Township, Sungkang; alt. 2100 m; X.1985; Malaise trap; K. S. Lin leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 59. Redescription based on Taiwanese specimens. Measurements were based on 5 males. Male. Head (Figs 7 A – C, 8 C – E): vertex polished and smooth; frons, face, clypeus matt and finely coriaceous with setae; HW / HL = 1.6–2.1 (1.85 ± 0.21); lateral ocelli almost touching eyes, OD = 0.2–0.3 (0.25 ± 0.03) mm, POL / OD = 0.3–0.5 (0.42 ± 0.06); occipital carina vestigial dorsally; face with FW / FH = 1.1–1.3 (1.13 ± 0.08); clypeus CLW / CLH = 1.7–2.1 (1.88 ± 0.18), ventral margin truncated or slightly concave; malar space with MSL / BMW = 0.2–0.4 (0.32 ± 0.06); gena GOI = 3.0–4.0 (3.35 ± 0.42); flagellum with 40–44 segments, 1 st flagellomere 1.1–1.5 (1.34 ± 0.15) × as long as 2 nd flagellomere, 4.3–5.5 (4.74 ± 0.48) × as long as wide. Mesosoma (Figs 7 D, E, 8 F, G): pronotum, mesoscutum, and scutellum matt, coriaceous or finely coriaceous; mesopleuron polished, coriaceous with even and minute punctures; pronotum with rugae on middle area, epomia absent; mesoscutum MSSL / MSSW = 1.1–1.3 (1.16 ± 0.08), with notaulus present on about anterior 0.6; scutellum SCL / SCW = 1.2–1.9 (1.55 ± 0.29), with lateral carina present on anterior 0.5; propodeum evenly and minutely punctate on anterior 0.3, with weak and transverse striae posteriorly, sublateral crest strong but not extended and connected dorsally. Wings (Fig. 7 F): fore wing length 9.8–11.1 (10.45 ± 0.57) mm; 3 rs-m present, areolet large and anteriorly pointed; 2 rs-m and abscissa between 2 rs-m and 2 m-cu in acute angle, RMI = 0.7–0.8 (0.73 ± 0.06); ramulus absent; 1 cu-a straight or slightly curved posteriorly, vertical, almost opposite (slightly basad) to M & RS with BNI = 0.1–0.2 (0.11 ± 0.03); cell AA with setal band narrow on about proximal 0.3 and strongly broad distally; AA almost straight; hind wing with 5–6 distal hamuli; NI = 0.3–0.5 (0.38 ± 0.07). Legs: fore tibial spur 0.4 (0.37 ± 0.02) × as long as 1 st tarsomere; fore 1 st tarsomere 13.8–19.1 (16.20 ± 2.18) × as long as wide, 1.6–1.8 (1.76 ± 0.08) × as long as 2 nd; fore tarsal claw with 20–22 pectens; hind 1 st tarsomere 13.1–15.9 (14.58 ± 1.09) × as long as wide, 1.9–2.1 (1.95 ± 0.09) × as long as 2 nd; hind tarsal claw normal, with 18–19 pectens. Metasoma (Figs 8 H, I, 17 A – D): T 1 slender, 4.2–5.2 (4.78 ± 0.37) × as long as posterior width, 1.5–1.6 (1.53 ± 0.06) × as long as T 2; abdominal sternum IX HPW / HPL = 0.9–1.0 (0.99 ± 0.03), posteriorly convex; gonostyle rounded apically, with submarginal spine present on about dorso-apical 0.1, GSWA / GSL = 0.3 (0.30 ± 0.02), GSWB / GSL = 0.5–0.6 (0.56 ± 0.03), pad long and narrow, located dorso-apically and projected dorso-basally; brace parallel-sided; with weak papillate area on apex of pad; gonossiculus strongly broad apically and pointed ventrally; basivolsella with patch of dense, slender seta; penisvalva with PVL / GSL = 0.5–0.6 (0.54 ± 0.04), volviceps with dorsal margin about 0.8 length of ventral margin, valvura dorsally curved and slender. Coloration (Figs 6 A, 7, 8 A): head brown, except face and clypeus yellowish white; mesosoma brown, except anterior and posterior corners of pronotum, lateral margin of mesoscutum, and speculum of mesopleuron yellow; wings hyaline, with wing vein blackish brown and pterostigma pale yellowish brown; legs brown, except hind tarsi yellowish white; metasoma brown. Female. Taiwanese specimens not examined. Described in Konishi (1996 a). Distribution. Japan (Honshu [type locality], Shikoku, Kyushu (Konishi, 1996 a)), Taiwan (new record: Hualien, Nantou). Bionomics. Unknown. Remarks. The occipital carina of the Taiwanese specimens is vestigial dorsally, differing from most type specimens of this species in which the occipital carina is absent, though this character state falls within the known variation range of the species (Konishi 1996 a). This species cannot be assigned to any species group of this subgenus.