Adenocalymma comosum DC. (Candolle 1845

1.Adenocalymma comosumDC. (Candolle 1845: 209) Figs 1, 2, Table 1 Adenocalymma nitidum Mart. ex DC. (Candolle 1845: 200), syn. nov. – Type: BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • Magé, near Mandioca farm; Aug. 1817; von Martius CFP 39; lectotype (designated by Udulutsch et al. 2013: 633): M [M-0086336]; isolectotype: M [M-0086337]. Adenocalymma comosum var. nitidum (Mart. ex DC.) Bureau & K. Schum. (Schumann 1896: 89, as “ nitida ”) – Type: same as for Adenocalymma nitidum. Adenocalymma comosum var. lanceolatum Bureau & K. Schum. (Schumann 1896: 90, as “ lanceolata ”), syn. nov. – Type: BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • Rio de Janeiro: Tijuca Forest, Queimado hill; 17 Apr. 1870; A. M. Glaziou 4126; lectotype (designated by Udulutsch et al. 2013: 633): P [P 00594790]; isolectotype: R [R 000011389]. Bignonia comosa Cham. (Chamisso 1833: 693), nom. illeg. non B. comosa Roxb. (Roxburgh 1832: 103). Type BRAZIL • s. loc.; s. d.; Sellow s. n.; lectotype (designated by Udulutsch et al. 2013: 632): K [K 000449335]; isolectotype NY [NY 00313142]. Distribution and ecology Adenocalymma comosum is known from the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, Brazil (Fig. 2). This species is found in ombrophilous Atlantic Forest remnants, from coastal plains to the base of the “ Serra do Mar. ” Additional material examined BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • Baía de Guanabara; 26 Aug. 1962; Pabst 7029; NY [NY 00402976], MO, PEL [0001064] • Carapebus; 16 Jul. 1997; Silva 4058; R • Duque de Caxias; 30 Sep. 1931; Brade 11156; MO [MO 081857], R • Duque de Caxias; 28 Jul. 1938; Passarelli 135; MO [MO 031531] • Guapimirim; 6 Sep. 2013; Fonseca 207; SPF [SPF 00213333] • Guapimirim; 6 Sep. 2013; Fonseca 208; SPF [SPF 00213334] • Guapimirim; 6 Sep. 2013; Fonseca 209; SPF [SPF 00213331] • Guapimirim; 14 Mar. 1992; Guedes 2275; RB [RB 00559392], SPF [SPF 00223019] • Guapimirim; 25 Mar. 1992; Vaz 961; MBM [MBM 352581], RB [RB 00559235] • Ilha Grande; 16 Aug. 2009; Maidi 988; RB • Itaipuassú; 14 Jan. 1982; Andreata 354; RB [RB 00678536], RB [RB 00054240] • Itatiaia; 23 Apr. 1941; Barros 267; RB [RB 00473168, RB 00479620, RB 00533448] • Itatiaia; 26 Sep. 1940; Barros 3111; RB • Itatiaia; 7 May 1942; Barros 88; RB • Itatiaia; 27 Apr. 1995; Braga 2343; ESA, RB [RB 00533210] • Mage ́; 25 Sep. 1985; Guedes 1313; RB [RB 00054402] • Mangaratiba; 16 Jul. 2003; Bayão Jr. 12; HRCB • Mangaratiba; 16 Jul. 2003; Bayão Jr. 13; HRCB • Mangaratiba; 27 Dec. 2004; Bayão Jr. 132; HRCB • Mangaratiba; 13 Aug. 2003; Bayão Jr. 32; HRCB • Mangaratiba; 16 Jul. 2003; Menezes 1097; HRCB, RB [RB 00006235] • Mangaratiba; 17 Jul. 2000; Menezes 34; HRCB • 31 Jul. 2001; Mangaratiba; Menezes 844; HRCB, RB [RB 00007576] • Mangaratiba; 14 Jul. 1983; Pace 12; HRCB, RB [RB 00002784] • Marica ́; 23 Dec. 2001; Barros 1098; RB [RB 00866361], RFFP [RFFP 00015476] • Miguel Pereira; 1 Apr. 2015; Lima 7962; RB [RB 00958082] • Niteroi; 6 Aug. 2003; Barros 2037; RB [RB 00534838], RFFP [RFFP 00017132] • Niteroi; 1 Aug. 1998; Barros 634; RB [RB 00534812], RFFP [RFFP 00015604] • Nitero ́ i; 7 Aug. 2001; Barros 1079; RB [RB 00534865], RFFP [RFFP 00016768] • Nitero ́ i; 14 Jul. 2006; Barros 2682; RB [RB 00534883], RFFP [RFFP 00017467] • Nitero ́ i; 26 Dec. 2005; Barros 2955; RB [RB 00519021] • Nova Friburgo; 11 Jan. 1985; Gentry 49480; MO [MO 031518], RB [RB 00003094] • Nova Friburgo; 11 Jan. 1985, Gentry 49482; MO [MO 031517] • Nova Iguac ̧ u; 20 Jun. 1995; Silva Neto 627; RB • Paraty; 29 Jun. 1995; Campos 58; RB [RB 00054330] • Paraty; 19 Oct. 1990; Frutuoso 106; RB • Paraty; 11 Apr. 1991; Giordano 1016; RB [RB 00054092], VIC • Paraty; 3 Jul. 1992; Giordano 1338; RB [RB 00054178] • Paraty; 29 Jun. 1993; Konno 177; RB [RB 00686187] • Paraty; 3 Aug. 1989; Kurtz 73; RB [RB 00054052], VIC • Paraty; 21 Nov. 1989; Marques 157; RB [RB 00686230] • Paraty; 27 Sep. 1991; Marquete 404; IBGE [IBGE 00029499], RB [RB 00686263] • Paraty; 27 Apr. 1993; Marquete 804; RB [RB 00054133] • Paraty; 8 Jun. 2006; Silva-Castro 1022; HUEFS [HUEFS 110123], HUESB [HUESB 00003384] • Petrópolis; Aug. [year unknown]; Dionisio 828; RB • Petrópolis; Feb. 1966; Duarte 9676; RB [RB 00054212, RB 1296204] • Petrópolis; Aug. [year unknown]; Góes 828; RB [RB 00054251] • Petrópolis; 30 Jun. 1943; Góes 204; RB [RB 00054032] • Petrópolis; 5 Sep. 1977; Mautone 392; RB [RB 00302862] • Pirai ́; 7 Oct. 1988; Barbosa 1049; HRCB, RB [RB 00004798], UEC • Resende; 9 Apr. 1928; Kuhlmann 212; RB [RB 00533450] • Rio das Ostras; Mar. 2006; Oliveira 922; RB [RB 00485298] • Rio das Ostras; Mar. 2006; Oliveira 928; RB [RB 00515619] • Rio de Janeiro; 9 Apr. 1970; Caroche 2; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 18 Oct. 1931; Cruz 32; R • Rio de Janeiro; 28 Sep. 1964; Flaster 1154; R • Rio de Janeiro; 1951; Heringer s. n.; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 17 May 1930; Kuhlmann 1695; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 3 Aug. 1931; Kuhlmann s. n.; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 14 Jul. 1920; Kuhlmann s. n.; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 3 Aug. 2015; Mattos 157; RB [RB 00990397] • Rio de Janeiro; 21 Dec. 1999; Nunes 326; R • Rio de Janeiro; 13 May 1945; Occhioni 131; RB [RB 00054051], RFA [RFA 00034275] • Rio de Janeiro; 12 Jul. 1946; Occhioni 589; RB [RB 00054125] • Rio de Janeiro; 23 Feb. 1959; Pereira 4488; RB [RB 00054202] • Rio de Janeiro; 22 Aug. 2000; Santos s. n.; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 28 Jul. 1957; Souza s. n.; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 28 May 1958; Sucre 3827; RB • Rio de Janeiro; 4 Jan. 1969; Sucre 4302; RB [RB 00054174] • Rio de Janeiro; 4 Nov. 1969; Sucre 4312; RB [RB 00054121] • Rio de Janeiro; 9 Apr. 1970; Sucre 6600; RB [RB 00054211] • Rio de Janeiro; 1 Dec. 1971; Sucre 8020; RB [RB 00054147] • Rio de Janeiro; 19 Apr. 1972; Sucre 8843; MO [MO 081859], RB [RB 00054149] • Rio de Janeiro; 9 Aug. 1958; Pereira 16; R • Silva Jardim; 6 Sep. 2012; Pace 229; SPF [SPF 00212041] • Silva Jardim; 6 Sep. 2012; Pace 230; MO, SPF [SPF 00212042]. – São Paulo • Caraguatatuba; 29 Jun. 1956; Kuhlmann 3838; SP [SP 058035] • Ilhabela; 26 Mar. 1990; Souza 3175; ESA • Ubatuba; 21 Oct. 2006; Aranha 352; UEC [UEC 139370] • Ubatuba; 21 Oct. 2006; Aranha 353; UEC [UEC 139371] • 2 Jul. 2007; Luize 2; HRCB. Nomenclatural notes Here we recognize A. comosum as a valid species and remove the taxon as a synonym of A. acutissimum. We also remove the taxa A. nitidum and A. comosum var. lanceolatum as synonyms of A. acutissimum and transfer them to A. comosum, following the new species delimitation. The recognition of A. comosum does not change the status of the former basionym Bignonia comosa Cham., which is an illegitimate name as stressed by Turner (2015). Taxonomic notes Adenocalymma comosum resembles morphologically both A. acutissimum and A. grandifolium Mart. ex DC. and can be recognized by the presence of the lianescent habit (vs shrubby in A. grandifolium), prophylls falcate (vs straight in A. grandifolium), inflorescence axes, bracts, bracteoles, and calyx indument drying dark brown (vs drying cinereous in A. acutissimum and ferruginous in A. grandifolium), bracts and bracteoles conspicuous (i. e. ≥ 12 mm long) (vs reduced in A. grandifolium,