Null Dilution Horizons

Arc II — Observation Paper 3 Title Null Dilution Horizons Zenodo DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18188459 Description This paper introduces null dilution horizons as operational boundaries arising from the progressive dilution of accessible correlations along null propagation channels. Unlike geometric horizons, which are defined by causal structure, null dilution horizons are defined by the exhaustion of recoverable information carried by signals propagating at finite speed. The analysis shows that even in flat spacetime, signals transmitted along null trajectories suffer cumulative degradation due to finite bandwidth, finite resolution, and finite correlation capacity. When this degradation reaches a critical threshold, further transmission fails to convey distinguishable records, establishing an effective horizon without curvature, gravity, or spacetime singularities. Null dilution horizons provide a unifying explanation for redshift-induced information loss, coherence breakdown, and observational limits in high-redshift or long-baseline experiments. They also clarify why certain horizons appear invariant across observer classes despite differing geometries or coordinate descriptions. By isolating dilution as a purely operational effect, the paper demonstrates that many horizon phenomena traditionally attributed to spacetime geometry instead arise from accessibility limits inherent in signal propagation itself. Keywords null propagation; information dilution; horizons; signal degradation; redshift; operational limits Notes Arc II — Observation (structural extension) Horizons arise without curvature or gravity Applies to flat spacetime and vacuum propagation Separates causal structure from informational accessibility Foundational for later gravity and cosmology paper