The principle of energy-determined discreteness of time: a universal conclusion of the Planck scale (GENERALIZING).

Abstract:From the relation of uncertainties "energy-time" a universal principle is derived that relates the minimum discernible time interval with the characteristic energy of the system: . It is shown that for massive particles, where the rest energy dominates, this relation takes the form . The gravitational limit on the maximum concentration of energy — the Planck energy (or, for massive states, the Planck mass ) — when substituted for this principle unambiguously leads to the Planck time as an absolute minimum: . Thus, Planck time is presented not as an independent constant, but as a consequence of the fundamental limit of energy in the universe within the framework of the quantum principle. The universality of the principle, its application to massless fields (electromagnetic waves) and the hierarchy of time scales generated by it are discussed. It is concluded that this approach offers a unified view of the origin of Planck units and supports the idea of energy-dependent discreteness of time. Keywords: time, Planck units, uncertainty relation, energy, discreteness of time, quantum gravity, fundamental limits.