Black Holes, Dark Matter, and Matter as Information-Geometric Phases A Torsion-Based Interpretation of Galactic Dynamics

Black holes, dark matter, and ordinary matter are conventionally treated as fundamentally distinct entities, often requiring separate physical mechanisms and additional unseen components to account for observed gravitational phenomena. This paper presents an information-geometric reinterpretation within the framework of Existence-Quantized Geometric Theory (EQGT), modeling black holes, dark matter, and ordinary matter as distinct phases of spacetime torsion characterized by their capacity to trap, circulate, or fail to retain information particles. In this framework, dark matter corresponds to shallow torsional distortions that bend information trajectories without trapping them, black holes represent over-twisted configurations that permanently confine information, and ordinary matter emerges as an intermediate, dynamically regulated phase capable of sustaining long-lived information circulation. This phase-based interpretation naturally accounts for flat galactic rotation curves, gravitational lensing without invoking unseen matter components, the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation, and the alignment of supermassive black holes with galactic centers. Explicit falsifiability conditions and conceptual limitations are discussed, preserving compatibility with existing observational data while reframing gravitational phenomena as manifestations of spacetime geometry rather than missing mass.