Minimal Conditions for Localization, Time, and Structure in a Wave-Based Physical Framework

This work presents a conceptual wave-based framework aimed at identifying the minimal conditions required for localization, stable physical structures, and the emergence of the arrow of time. The starting point is the assumption that a single wave cannot produce localization or events, and that increasing levels of physical organization require multiple independent wave degrees of freedom. Within the proposed picture, wave interference, the emergence of time as an active physical degree of freedom, and the stabilizing role of gravity form a hierarchical process leading from primordial states to persistent material structures. Time is not treated as a fundamental background parameter, but as an emergent quantity associated with irreversible information loss during wave collapse. The work does not claim to provide a complete fundamental theory. Instead, it offers a coherent conceptual framework connecting wave dynamics, collapse, entropy, time, and gravity into a single physical process. The model leads to falsifiable observational implications, including the absence of primordial inflationary gravitational waves and the possibility of early structure formation in the Universe. Przemysław Krawiec Ewa Bączkiewicz krawiec.841@gmail.com Tłokinia, 09.01.2026