Physcoa Thorell 1895, stat. rev.

GenusPhyscoaThorell, 1895 stat. rev. Physcoa: Thorell 1895: 82. Type species. Physcoa scintillans Thorell, 1895, comb. rev. from Myanmar. Diagnosis. Members of the genus Physcoa Thorell, 1895, stat. rev. can be distinguished from the true Chrysso (cf. Figs 8 – 12; fig. 34 A – E in Zhu 1998; fig. 111.1–3 in Song et al. 2006; figs 481–492 in Sen et al. 2015 and figs 1–7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 21–31, 34, 35 in Levi 1957; figs 7, 8, 12 in Buckup and Marques 1996) by the following combination of characteristics: (1) cymbium with a prolateral distal projection (except P. cyclocera (Zhu, 1998), comb. nov.) (vs cymbium without projection); (2) embolus C-shaped, with embolic projection in some species (vs filiform and complexly elongating, without embolic projection); and (3) copulatory ducts spherical, smaller than spermathecae (except P. cyclocera (Zhu, 1998), comb. nov.) (vs sac-like, much larger than spermathecae). Members of the genus Physcoa Thorell, 1895, stat. rev. is similar to Argyrodes Simon, 1864 (cf. Figs 8, 9, 11, 12 and fig. 52 in Agnarsson et al. 2007; figs 2–8 in Kaya et al. 2010) in having a posterior extension on dorsal opisthosoma and the presence of prolateral cymbial projection, but it can be distinguished by: (1) bulb-cymbium-lock mechanism hood-like (vs hook-like); (2) tegular apophysis short, not visible before expanded, covered by bulb (vs long, protrusive, and visible before expanded); (3) embolus C-shaped (vs triangular); and (4) copulatory ducts spherical (vs tubular). Description. Habitus (Figs 13, 14): male total length 2.01–3.92, female 2.48–7.70. Carapace rounded or oval. Sternum triangular. Chelicerae with two or three promarginal teeth, without retromarginal teeth. Leg formula 1423. Retrolateral part of patella of legs with apophysis. Dorsal part of opisthosoma laterally with two humps and posterior part with extension beyond spinnerets. Colulus or colular setae absent. Male palp (Figs 8, 9, 11, 12): tibia wider than long, with distal part almost 2–3 times wider than basal part in ventral view; retrolateral part with one or two trichobothria. Cymbium almost as long as wide or slightly longer than wide, prolateral-distal part with a projection; cymbial hood located at retrolateral-distal margin of cymbium, wider than long; tarsal organ enlarged, three times larger than setal sockets. Subtegulum bowl-like. Tegulum retrolaterally with a rounded pit. Median apophysis visible and tegular apophysis not visible in ventral view; tegular apophysis almost as large as median apophysis. Conductor incrassate, membranous, supporting embolic tip. Embolus wide, C-shaped, basal hook spherical, forming a lock mechanism with tegular pit. Epigyne (Fig. 10): epigyne with a short atrium, wider than 2 / 3 the width of epigynal field. Copulatory ducts almost spherical. Spermathecae spherical, wider than copulatory ducts. Fertilization ducts originating from posterior part of spermathecae. Composition. Physcoa angula (Tikader, 1970), comb. nov., P. cyclocera (Zhu, 1998), comb. nov., P. fanjingshan (Song, Zhang & Zhu, 2006), comb. nov., P. oxycera (Zhu & Song, 1993), comb. nov., P. scintillans Thorell, 1895, comb. rev., P. trimaculata (Zhu, Zhang & Xu, 1991), comb. nov., P. trispinula (Zhu, 1998), comb. nov., and P. wenxianensis (Zhu, 1998), comb. nov. Remarks. Although the specimens of Chrysso angula, Chr. cyclocera, and Chr. fanjingshan were unavailable for examination, the illustrations and descriptions of Chr. angula and Chr. fanjingshan (fig. 111.1–3 in Song et al. 2006; figs 481–492 in Sen et al. 2015) clearly show the following characteristics of Physcoa: a projection on prolateral distal cymbium, the C-shaped embolus (male of Chr. fanjingshan unknown), a wide and short epigynal atrium, and the spherical copulatory duct. Despite Chr. cyclocera (fig. 34 A – E in Zhu 1998) lacking a cymbial projection, this species exhibits a C-shaped embolus with an embolic projection, which is similar to P. oxycera comb. nov. Therefore, we transfer these three species to Physcoa. Distribution. China, India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand.