The Growth Pattern and Spatial Distribution of E-Rickshaw in Northern India during 2016-2025

The study examines the growth and spatial distribution of (passenger) e-rickshaw registrations in Northern India from 2016 to 2025, employing a descriptive and analytical design. The analysis is based entirely on secondary data obtained from the VAHAN Dashboard of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH). State-wise registration trends are assessed through percentage-share analysis and graphical representation, while long-term growth is measured using Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Furthermore, a CAGR-based forecasting model is applied to projects for e-rickshaw registration up to 2035, and manufacturer-wise analysis identifies the top ten e-rickshaw manufacturers across the northern states. The findings reveal substantial interstate variation in adoption and growth patterns. Uttar Pradesh dominated total registration, reflecting widespread diffusion and large market size, whereas Punjab records the highest CAGR, indicating rapid expansion from a low base. Haryana and Uttarakhand show steady growth, while Delhi exhibits slower growth despite high absolute registrations, suggesting market saturation. Manufacturer analysis indicates both concentrated and competitive market structures across states, with a few manufacturers consistently leading registrations.