Evolution of Teacher Education and Educational Policy in India: Contributions of National Committees, Policy Processes, Economics of Education, and the Politics of Educational Development

Title Evolution of Teacher Education and Educational Policy in India: Contributions of National Committees, Policy Processes, Economics of Education, and the Politics of Educational Development Description (Author + Affiliation + Discipline) This scholarly article is authored by Ganesh Shrirang Nale Satarkar, affiliated with the Department of Sociology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India. The study is situated within the interdisciplinary domains of Sociology of Education, Educational Policy Studies, Political Sociology, and Economics of Education. It critically examines the historical evolution of teacher education in India through the contributions of major national committees and commissions, policy formulation processes, economic frameworks, and political ideologies shaping educational development. Keywords and Subjects (Paragraph Format) The article engages with key themes such as teacher education reform, educational policy in India, national education commissions, economics of education, educational finance and budgeting, human capital theory, signaling theory, politics of education, curriculum reform, policy formulation processes, national development, political socialization, democratic citizenship, cost–benefit analysis, cost–effectiveness analysis, higher education returns, governance in education, and sociology of education, making it relevant to scholars and policymakers in education, sociology, political science, and public policy. Publishing Information Details Journal Name: International Journal of Applied Review Publisher Website: www.multiappliedjournal.com Online ISSN: 3107-8443 Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Year: 2026 Page Numbers: 54–58 Received Date: 27 November 2025 Accepted Date: 26 December 2025 Published Date: 10 January 2026 Article Type: Peer-Reviewed Research Article Discipline Area: Sociology / Education / Public Policy