GPS Mass Drift Correlation

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Authors: Matt Webb
Cited by: 0

Abstract

Analysis of satellite timing data across multiple orbital regimes reveals a consistent inverse correlation between satellite mass and clock drift magnitude spanning ve orders of magnitude. Starlink satellites (800 kg) exhibit drift of order 10−10 s/s, GPS Block IIR (1,075 kg) shows 10−11 s/s, GPS Block III (2,269 kg) shows 10−13 s/s, and the ISS-mounted ACES experiment (450,000 kg platform) achieves stability at 10−16. This mass-dependency is inconsistent with relativistic time dilation, which predicts corrections dependent on altitude and velocity alone. The data support a mechanical interpretation: satellites with insucient mass fail to couple fully to Earth's rotational frame, producing clock drift as angular momentum slippage. Two distinct regimes emerge: below a coupling threshold, both mass and altitude matter; above the threshold, sucient mass locks the platform to Earth's frame regardless of altitude. The ISS represents the high-mass regime where mechanical coupling eliminates slippage entirely.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Relativity and Gravitational Theory Advanced Frequency and Time Standards GNSS positioning and interference

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
10 January 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint