Assessing Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction and Its Association with Pain and Mobility in Neurological Patients

Background: Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to low back and pelvic pain, affecting functional mobility and rehabilitation outcomes in neurological patients. Despite its clinical relevance, prevalence and impact in neurological populations remain underexplored, particularly in the United Kingdom. Aim: To assess sacroiliac joint dysfunction and evaluate its association with pain intensity and functional mobility in patients with neurological impairments. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among neurological patients (stroke, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease) attending physiotherapy and neurology outpatient departments. SIJ dysfunction was assessed using clinical provocation tests (FABER, Gaenslen’s, Thigh Thrust, Compression, and Distraction tests). Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while functional mobility and balance were evaluated using the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test, 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Data were analyzed descriptively, and associations between SIJ dysfunction, pain, and mobility were interpreted qualitatively. Results: SIJ dysfunction was found to be common among neurological patients, with a significant proportion exhibiting moderate to severe pain. Functional mobility and balance were often compromised in patients with positive SIJ tests. Qualitative evidence suggested a strong association between SIJ dysfunction, increased pain intensity, and reduced functional mobility, indicating clinical relevance for rehabilitation strategies. Conclusion: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction contributes significantly to pain and functional limitations in neurological patients. Early identification and evidence-based physiotherapy interventions, including core stabilization, pelvic strengthening, and manual therapy, can improve functional outcomes. Further UK-based studies are recommended to establish prevalence and optimize management in neurological populations.