Observation A Physical Definition Independent of Observers

This paper defines observation strictly as a physical process, independent of observers, perception, or interpretation. Using only established physical principles, observation is reduced to a dissipative interaction that produces a persistent, irreversible record. By grounding observation in interaction, dissipation, and stability, the paper removes observer-based primitives while preserving all experimental practice. The result is a logically closed, physics-only definition that identifies what must be physically true for an observation to occur.