Multiple Sclerosis as a Systems Transition — A Universal Resonance Model (URM) Perspective

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a well-recognized phase structure, typically evolving from an early inflammatory, relapsing–remitting stage toward a more degenerative course in many patients. This paper presents a conceptual interpretation of MS as a long-term systems transition from a Universal Resonance Model (URM) perspective. Disease dynamics are described in terms of declining resilience, changing coupling between immune, vascular, metabolic, and neural loops, phase shifts between inflammatory and degenerative regimes, and eventual consolidation into structurally constrained states. Biomarkers are interpreted as phase markers and instability signals rather than static disease labels, and therapeutic effects are viewed as inherently phase-dependent and critically timing-sensitive. Conceptual framework only; no new experimental, clinical, or epidemiological data are included.