Assessing the Effectiveness of the Solid Waste Management Program on the Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors of Grade 9 Students of Cabitan National High School

Abstract : This descriptive-comparative study assessed the effectiveness of the Solid Waste Management (SWM) Program at Cabitan National High School. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered from 142 Grade 9 students via a structured survey. Results showed universal awareness (100%) of the program but a significant compliance gap, with only 57.7% (“Always/Often”) participating consistently. Students displayed strongly positive environmental attitudes (Mean = 4.39) and reported positive pro-environmental behaviors (Mean = 4.34), with evidence of behavioral spillover into their home practices. A t-test revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in both attitudes and behaviors between consistent and inconsistent participants, supporting the role of repeated behavior in shaping internalized attitudes (Bamberg & Möser, 2007). Thematic analysis identified key benefits, Public Health and Hygiene, Aesthetic Improvement, and advanced Environmental Protection awareness, indicating the development of ecological literacy (McBride et al., 2013). The central challenge was Dependence on External Monitoring, revealing that the behavior is largely externally regulated (Deci & Ryan, 2000). The study concludes the program is successful in building awareness and positive attitudes but is limited by its reliance on external controls, highlighting a critical gap between intention and habitual action (Kollmuss & Agyeman, 2002).