Autonomous Drugs Optimal Management, Part V: Anesthesia Control for Atracurium Drug using PD-PI and PD-I Controllers Compared with a PID Controller

Abstract This paper is the fifth in a series of research papers studying the autonomous drug optimal management. It handles the control of the anesthesia-atracurium drug infusion rate using a PD-PI and PD-I controllers from the second generation of PID controllers. The relationship between the bispectral index and the site-effect concentration of the drug is investigated and presented graphically for two anesthesia drugs. Some tuning techniques for the proposed controllers are proposed based on zero/pole cancellation, trial-and-error techniques and using the MATLAB optimization toolbox. The step time response of the control system using the proposed controllers is presented and compared with that of a conventional PID controller from the first generation of PID controllers tuned in in the present research work. The comparison reveals the best controller among the three ones presented depending on a graphical and quantitative comparison study for reference input tracking. Keywords Anesthesia control, Atracurium Drug, BIS index, PD-PI controller, PD-I controller, PID controller, controller tuning.