Comparative Evaluation of Physical Properties of a Novel Nano-Bioactive Glass–Based Intracanal Medicament and Calcium Hydroxide: An In Vitro Study

Background: Physical properties of intracanal medicaments determine their handling, penetration, stability in a moist canal, and clinical retrievability. Aim: To comparatively evaluate film thickness, flow, solubility, and viscosity of a novel nanobioactive glass (NBAG)–based intracanal medicament versus calcium hydroxide (CH). Materials and Methods: Film thickness and flow were assessed using ISO-6876 glass-plate methods. Solubility was evaluated using a gravimetric immersion protocol (37 °C/24 h). Viscosity and rheological behavior were measured using rotational rheometry across incremental shear rates. Data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk test (exploratory), independent-samples Welch ttest and Mann–Whitney U test (α=0.05), with effect sizes (Cohen’s d). Results: NBAG demonstrated significantly lower film thickness and higher flow than CH (p