A Review on Brain Hemorrhage

The burden of stroke is strongly affected by ageing. Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has catastrophic effects, and treatment options are limited. ICH has long been considered to be the stroke specific type with the worst diagnosis. Hypertensive Intracranial Haemorrhage is a form of stroke that occurs when an artery in the brain bursts and the blood spreads to surrounding areas. Nonetheless, acute stroke unit care improves outcome after ICH, patients benefit from interventions to prevent complications, acute blood pressure lowering appears safe and might have a modest benefit, and implementing a bundle of high-quality acute care is associated with a greater chance of survival. Chronic arterial hypertension represents the major risk factor for bleeding. The incidence of hypertension-related ICH is decreasing in some regions due to improvements in the treatment of chronic hypertension. Anticoagulant-related ICH (vitamin K antagonists and the newer oral anticoagulant drugs) represents an increasing cause of ICH, currently accounting for more than 15 % of all cases. Although questions regarding the optimal medical and surgical management of ICH still remain, recent clinical trials examining hemostatic therapy, blood pressure control, and hematoma evacuation have advanced our understanding of ICH management.