The Role of Hormonal Changes in Urological Diseases: Insights from Menopause and Gynecology

The aim of the study was to evaluate maternal and perinatal conditions in 103 women with high-risk pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in different hospitals in Iraq (2024-2025) as well as where Standardised antenatal surveillance in patients 39.8 (38.3-41.3) 28.2 (25.126) 335cm/kg/m 2 BMI 28.2 (26.58) -1 normal weight was conducted on consecutive patients 39.8 (38.3-41.3) 28.2 (25.126) -1 BMI 335cm/kg/m 2 Consecutive patients of 39.8 (3 The main outcome measures were preterm birth (less than 37 weeks: 14.6%), delivery in the form of a caesarean section (30%), low birth weight (less than 2500 g: 17.5%), complications (hypertension 45.6% 20.4%), and HbA1c trends at 6 months. The statistical analyses were done with the use of 2 (age outcome p=0.0046), logistic regression, and repeated-measures ANOVA. Findings: Pre-hypertension, low level of education, and urban dwelling were the dominant ones (28.2 per cent, 50.5 per cent, and 75.7 per cent, respectively). Term deliveries included 79.6 percent (mean 39.0-weeks±1.8), and vaginal births were 70. Ineffective initial control (65% HbA1c 65% or higher) was reducing (goal