Symptom Markers of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Their Role in the Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Insufficiency at the Prehospital Stage

This article analyzes clinical symptom-markers of acute myocardial infarction with emphasis on their diagnostic value at the prehospital stage of medical care. Particular attention is given to atypical and painless presentations that complicate early recognition of acute coronary insufficiency. The paper highlights the importance of early electrocardiographic assessment, including 12-lead ECG registration and detection of ischemic and arrhythmic changes, as key tools for timely diagnosis and patient triage. The role of biochemical markers of myocardial injury, especially high-sensitivity cardiac troponins, is reviewed in the context of early risk stratification. Contemporary treatment strategies, including primary percutaneous coronary intervention and pharmacoinvasive approaches, as well as the diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, are discussed. Keywords: acute myocardial infarction, prehospital stage, symptom markers, ECG diagnostics, percutaneous coronary intervention, cardiac MRI.