The Mechanical Origin of Atomic Structure: Primordial Pressure Entrapment and the 0.69ns Nucleation Window
Abstract
This brief introduces the Universal Shell Theory (UST), a mechanical framework redefining the atom as a pressurized 3D vessel wrapped from primordial 2D energy fields. It identifies a 0.69ns nucleation window during the Big Bang that dictates atomic volume, surface vibration (charge), and neutron stability. The paper provides a mechanical solution to the "Neutron Lifetime Puzzle" and calculates skin tension constants ($\gamma$) for elements 1–20.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
Astronomical and nuclear sciences
Nuclear physics research studies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 14 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint