THE IMPACT OF LIVER DISEASES ON ORAL CAVITY STATUS

Chronic and acute liver diseases lead to metabolic and hematological changes in the body, which directly affect the condition of the oral mucosa (OM). In clinical dentistry, the manifestation of jaundice (icterus) on the oral mucosa is considered a significant diagnostic sign of liver diseases [1,4,5]. According to Eremin A.V. and co-authors, jaundice is caused by an increase in bilirubin levels in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) and its accumulation in the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes. Due to liver diseases (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), hepatocytes (liver cells) lose their ability to process bilirubin and excrete it with bile, primarily leading to an increase in conjugated bilirubin [2,3,6,7].