Beyond Expansion: Manifold Viscosity and the Origin of the Cosmic Microwave Background
Abstract
This paper proposes a mechanical origin for cosmological redshift and the CMB within the Universal Shell Theory (UST) framework. It defines the vacuum as a viscous 2D manifold where redshift results from "manifold fatigue" and the 2.72 K CMB represents the substrate's thermal noise floor
Fields of Study & Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 14 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint