MODERN APPROACHES TO THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ENDOCERVICITIS AND COLPITIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN

Endocervicitis and colpitis are common inflammatory conditions of the lower female genital tract that require particular clinical attention during pregnancy. Physiological immunological adaptations, hormonal fluctuations, and alterations in the vaginal microenvironment during gestation contribute to increased susceptibility to cervicovaginal infections. When inadequately diagnosed or managed, these conditions may be associated with unfavorable obstetric outcomes, including preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine infection, and postpartum inflammatory complications. Recent advances in obstetric care have emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies to minimize maternal and fetal risks. Modern diagnostic approaches incorporate a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory-based microbiological testing, and molecular diagnostic techniques, which enhance pathogen detection and improve diagnostic accuracy. Therapeutic strategies have evolved toward safer, gestational-age–appropriate antimicrobial regimens, supported by growing evidence on fetal safety and treatment efficacy. This article aims to present a comprehensive overview of contemporary approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of endocervicitis and colpitis in pregnant women, integrating current clinical evidence and international recommendations to support optimal clinical decision-making.