Critical Factors Governing Nasal Spray Design And Evaluation

The intranasal route is the preferred method for administering drugs for local, systemic, and central nervous system delivery. A nasal spray is a liquid drug administered into the nasal cavity via a spray device for local or systemic therapeutic effects. Benefits of the nasal spray dosage form, including being cost-effective, convenient to use and carry, and allowing for self-administration, along with high patient adherence, create a growing opportunity for nasal drug delivery. A medicinal molecule can thus be rapidly transported over the singular epithelial cell layer directly into the systemic blood circulation, bypassing first-pass hepatic and intestine digestion. This article emaphasize the important elements of nasal anatomy and physiology along with the biological, physicochemical, and pharmaceutical factors that need to be taken into account during the development of nasal spray formulations. The strategic use of the nasal pathway for the administration of complex pharmaceuticals has garnered significant interest in the pharmaceutical sector in recent years. This review is expected to provide insights into nasal formulation and its in-vitro properties.