AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH TO OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF ANJANA KRIYAKALPA

Anjana Kriya, classified under Netra Kriyakalpa, represents a specialized topical ophthalmic intervention used for both prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. Anjana (collyrium) is administered to the lower palpebral conjunctiva or conjunctival sac, allowing its pharmacologically active components to access ocular tissues through conjunctival and corneal routes. The extent of absorption is influenced by physicochemical properties such as pH, viscosity, tonicity, molecular size, and molecular weight. On the basis of formulation, Anjana is traditionally categorized into Gutika, Rasakriya, and Churna, which show conceptual similarity to modern ophthalmic solutions and suspensions. Particulate preparations facilitate prolonged retention in the conjunctival sac, thereby improving local drug availability. Anjana Kriya demonstrates significant clinical utility, particularly in anterior segment disorders, due to its localized action and ability to overcome ocular barriers, while also exhibiting beneficial effects in selected posterior segment conditions. This review critically examines the classical description of Anjana Kriya, including its types, indications, contraindications, procedural aspects, and precautions, emphasizing its relevance in current ophthalmic practice.