Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) Using Bioactive Yeast Metabolite of Hilsa Fish Pickle and Assessing Their Antimicrobial Properties Against Biofilm Producing Bacteria

Nanotechnology become a hot research area over the past few years and metal nanoparticle synthesis using greener route has receive much attention as it is cost effective, eco-friendly alternative to physical and chemical methods. In the present study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was biosynthesized using hilsa fish pickle as a precursor. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by performing UV-Vis spectrophotometer, SEM, EDX and FTIR. SEM observations reveal irregular needle and spherical morphology with particle size at the nanoscale mean size of 25nm to 42 nm. FT-IR analysis showed that the ZnO NPs' surfaces contained many functional groups. Antibacterial activity was shown by the ZnO-NPs on Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). A maximum inhibition zone of ~18.66 mm was observed for Escherichia coli at a concentration of 50 μg/mL for sample prepared at 24 h. Antibiofilm analysis also showed maximum inhibitory effects with the maximum concentration.