THE ROLE OF THE TRIGLYCERIDE–GLUCOSE (TyG) INDEX AND THE TRIGLYCERIDE/HDL-CHOLESTEROL (TG/HDL-c) RATIO IN PREDICTING GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: To evaluate the predictive performance of the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and the triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c) for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A retrospective case–control study was conducted at Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between 2023 and 2025. Singleton pregnancies in women aged 18–45 years were included; those with pregestational diabetes or major systemic/metabolic disease were excluded. GDM was diagnosed using a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 gestational weeks according to International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. The TyG index ln(TG(mg/dL)×fastingglucose(mg/dL)/2)ln(TG (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2)ln(TG(mg/dL)×fastingglucose(mg/dL)/2) and TG/HDL-c were calculated from fasting blood samples. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to estimate areas under the curve (AUCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to determine optimal cut-offs using the Youden index. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed with adjustment for age, parity, and gestational week at the time of sampling. Results: A total of 199 women were analyzed (100 with GDM and 99 controls). Both TyG (4.02±0.21 vs 3.84±0.18) and TG/HDL-c (3.92±2.12 vs 2.80±1.29) were significantly higher in the GDM group (both p