Phytochemical Investigation and Antioxidant activity of Annona squamosa, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Zingiber officinale extracts

Medicinal plant is a promising source of bioactive metabolites for management of diseases related to oxidative stress. Among such common botanicals used for ages in day-to-day staple food are Annona squamosa, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Zingiber officinale that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as antimicrobial action. The research was also carried out for analyzing the phytochemical constituents and their antioxidant activity in single and polyherbal form of these plants. The leaves of Annona squamosa, roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra and rhizomes of Zingiber officinale were collected, identified by botanist and extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol successively. TLC fingerprint with quick detection of multicomponents was developed based upon these spectroscopic data revealed the presence of various compounds. Phytoconstituents were characterized on Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and bioactive markers were established as rutin, quercetin, glycyrrhizic acid, 18β- glycyrrhetinic acid, 6-gingerol and zingerone by Reverse Phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC). Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Concentration of phytochemicals was found to be highest for ethanol extracts. RP-HPLC confirmed the presence of all markers in polyherbal product. Concentration dependent antioxidant activity of the polyherbal formulation was revealed by the DPPH assay LIBERTE JOURNAL (ISSN:0024-2020) VOLUME 14 ISSUE 1 2026 PAGE NO: 198and 89.45 % inhibition was registered at dose concentration of 100 µg/mL which was similar to ascorbic acid (90.67%). In summary, the study validates antioxidant property of the tested botanicals and also supports standardised polyherbal formulated products. The further development for therapeutic use of in vivo confirming and formulation optimization.