A disrupted Coagulation Profile among Sudanese Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Abstract: Background: Measurement of Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is very crucial because TB can induce a hypercoagulable state due to chronic inflammation, that increasing the risk of thromboembolism. Objective: To determine and assess Prothrombin time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time among Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Khartoum state in period between August to September 2024. A total of 100 data were collected (50 pulmonary tuberculosis patients as cases and 50 apparently healthy individuals as control group). Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS. Results: The TB patients cases demonstrated a significantly higher mean PT of 15.2 ± 2.1 seconds compared to 12.8 ± 1.9 seconds in the control group (p = 0.01). Similarly, the mean PTT was significantly elevated in the cases, with a value of 32.6 ± 4.8 seconds compared to 28.4 ± 3.2 seconds in the controls (p = 0.00). The mean INR was also significantly higher in the cases at 2.5 ± 0.4 compared to 1.2 ± 0.3 In the controls (p = 0.02).Age showed a positive correlation with PT (R = 0.45, p = 0.01), but there was no significant correlations with PTT (R = -0.24, p = 0.71) or INR (R = 0.11, p = 0.09). The duration of disease had a positive significant correlation with PT (R = 0.68, p = 0.00), while the correlations with PTT (R = 0.13, p = 0.42) and INR (R = -0.19, p = 0.58) were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrate significant alterations in hemostatic indices among pulmonary tuberculosis patients compared to healthy controls. Specifically, tuberculosis patients exhibited elevated prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and International Normalized Ratio (INR), indicating a disrupted coagulation profile. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).