Why Scientific Revolutions Occur: A Regime-Based Theory of Knowledge Evolution (SSCL Framework)

This work introduces a regime-based control framework explaining why scientific disciplines periodically stagnate, fracture, and undergo revolutionary transformation. Rather than proposing a new domain-specific theory, this framework formalizes the dynamics underlying all scientific progress, unifying physics, biology, economics, and artificial intelligence under a single meta-scientific lens. An executable demonstrator is provided to illustrate regime transitions and paradigm shifts.