Core Saturation Effects in Gravitational Lensing

This preprint presents an independent theoretical analysis of gravitational lensing phenomena in low-mass systems, focusing on the role of core saturation effects arising from non-equilibrium energy redistribution. Within an energy circulation perspective, gravity is treated as an effective response to energy-density gradients rather than as a fundamental geometric entity.The analysis shows that in regimes characterized by low acceleration and long relaxation timescales—such as dwarf galaxies and low-mass halos—the effective gravitational response can saturate near central regions. This leads to flattened inner convergence profiles and systematic biases in lensing-based mass reconstruction, while leaving lensing behavior in high-density systems fully consistent with standard geometric interpretations.The work does not modify gravitational field equations or introduce new particle species. Instead, it delineates the domain of applicability of equilibrium-based lensing models and identifies specific, testable observational signatures. These include scale-dependent deviations in weak lensing, finite central convergence in strong lensing, and environmental sensitivity across low-density systems.This manuscript is intended as an open research log and a basis for public discussion. It emphasizes physical interpretation, phenomenological clarity, and falsifiable predictions, and provides a natural interface for subsequent studies addressing related issues such as redshift anomalies and scale-dependent cosmological behavior