Fundamental Interactions Are Not Fundamental
Abstract
Gravitation, electromagnetism, weak and strong interactions are taught as fundamental forces. This work demonstrates that this assumption is false. What we call “forces” are shown to be distinct physical regimes produced by one invariant law governing stability, confinement, and transition behavior across scales. Gravitational waves are real, yet no graviton is required as a fundamental mediator. Likewise, mass–energy behavior is described without treating the Higgs boson as the physical carrier of mass. No new particles. No hidden dimensions. No adjustable constants. If interactions are truly fundamental primitives, this framework must break under independent verification — and the paper provides everything needed to try.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 19 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint