Effect of Topical Benzoyl Peroxide on Skin Barrier Integrity Assessed by Transepidermal Water Loss in an Experimental Model

Benzoyl peroxide is a topical agent widely used in the treatment of acne vulgaris; however, its use is associated with cutaneous adverse effects related to impairment of epidermal barrier function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of topical benzoyl peroxide on skin barrier integrity by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in an experimental model. An experimental, controlled, and prospective study was conducted comparing a group treated with 5% topical benzoyl peroxide and a control group without active treatment. Transepidermal water loss was measured under controlled environmental conditions before the intervention, during the treatment period, and at the end of the study. The results showed a progressive and statistically significant increase in TEWL in the treated group compared with the control group, demonstrating a time-dependent effect. In addition, the treated group more frequently presented clinical signs of skin irritation, including erythema, dryness, and desquamation, which correlated with increased TEWL. In conclusion, topical application of benzoyl peroxide is associated with a significant impairment of skin barrier function, highlighting the importance of considering therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving epidermal integrity during its clinical use.