A Prospective Study on Triggering Factors of Gastritis and Its Management

Gastritis is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by inflammation of the gastric mucosa, resulting from multiple etiological factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, unhealthy dietary habits, stress, medication use, and lifestyle practices. It may present in acute or chronic forms, leading to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe complications including ulcers and mucosal damage. This prospective study aims to identify the major triggering factors of gastritis among patients and to evaluate current management approaches adopted to reduce symptoms and prevent complications. A total of 70 subjects were assessed to determine the prevalence of gastritis-related symptoms and contributing risk factors. Data were collected through structured questionnaires focusing on demographic characteristics, dietary behavior, lifestyle habits, symptom patterns, medication history, and previous diagnosis of gastritis. The findings reveal that females constituted the majority of cases (81.4%), with most participants falling between 19–21 years of age. Burning sensation (51.6%), loss of appetite (29%), vomiting (24.2%), and heartburn (19.4%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Dietary triggers such as spicy foods were frequently associated with symptom aggrevation, as 57.1% consumed spicy foods sometimes and 10% consumed them frequently. Additional contributing factors included skipping meals (48.6%), consumption of carbonated drinks (54.3%), coffee or tea intake (38.6%), stress (34.3%), and self-medication (55.7%). Medication-related gastritis was less common, with only 8.6% reporting regular NSAID use. Management practices varied among participants, with many adopting home remedies (32.9%), rest (37.1%), or visiting a doctor (22.9%) for symptom relief. The study concludes that modifiable lifestyle and dietary factors play a major role in triggering gastritis, especially among young adults. Early diagnosis, appropriate medication, and long-term lifestyle modifications are essential for effective management and prevention of recurrent gastritis episodes.